who classification for pulmonary hypertension

The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies pulmonary hypertension into five main groups to facilitate the diagnosis and management of this intricate condition. These groups are differentiated based on various underlying causes and clinical features, ranging from the most prevalent to the less common forms.

Category 1 encompasses pulmonary hypertension associated with identified genetic mutations, exposure to certain drugs or toxins, and idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. This is the most frequently observed category, yet pinpointing the exact cause can be challenging. Category 2 pertains to pulmonary hypertension stemming from left-heart diseases, including valvular heart disorders or cardiomyopathies. Category 3 accounts for pulmonary hypertension due to lung diseases or conditions causing hypoxia, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or sleep apnea. Category 4 is characterized by pulmonary hypertension resulting from chronic thrombotic or embolic obstructions in the pulmonary vasculature, while Category 5 encompasses all other unspecified etiologies, including systemic illnesses and metabolic disorders.

For individuals diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension, it is crucial to seek specialized medical counsel and adhere to the prescribed treatment regimen under a physician's guidance. Additionally, adopting a healthy lifestyle—quitting smoking, engaging in moderate physical activity, and maintaining a balanced diet—can contribute to better disease management. It is imperative to remember that any medication should be administered under a doctor's supervision and should not be self-administered.