icd 10 cm hypertension

Hypertension, classified under the ICD-10-CM coding system, is a prevalent cardiovascular condition characterized by persistently high blood pressure. This condition poses a risk to vital organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, and can lead to significant damage. Hypertension is broadly categorized into primary and secondary hypertension, with primary hypertension being the most prevalent and often linked to genetics, lifestyle, and environmental influences.

In assessing the impact of hypertension, the initial focus is on its cardiac implications. It can increase the heart's workload, potentially leading to left ventricular hypertrophy and, over time, heart failure. Hypertension is also a significant contributor to coronary artery disease, which may result in myocardial infarction. The cerebral effects of hypertension are equally important, as it raises the risk of stroke, encompassing both ischemic and hemorrhagic types. Moreover, hypertension can impair kidney function, causing proteinuria and a decline in renal function, and in severe cases, may progress to end-stage renal disease. Lastly, hypertension can affect the retinal arterioles, leading to a decrease in visual acuity or even blindness.

For those with hypertension, it is crucial to adhere to a low-salt diet, engage in regular physical activity, manage stress and anxiety, and monitor blood pressure regularly. Upon diagnosis, hypertension should be managed under medical supervision, avoiding self-medication. Compliance with medical advice and regular follow-ups are essential to control blood pressure and mitigate the risk of complications.