steroids and hypertension

There is a recognized association between the use of corticosteroids and the development of hypertension. Typically, the prolonged or excessive use of corticosteroids can lead to elevated blood pressure due to their impact on the body's hormonal equilibrium, which in turn affects the function of blood vessel constriction and dilation as well as the workload on the heart.

Corticosteroids may influence blood pressure through several mechanisms: Firstly, they can cause fluid and sodium retention, increasing blood volume and thus raising blood pressure. Secondly, they may enhance the sensitivity of blood vessels to catecholamines, making the vessels more likely to constrict and thereby increasing blood pressure. Lastly, corticosteroids may impair the function of the vascular endothelium, reducing its ability to dilate and thus contributing to higher blood pressure. It is important to note that not all individuals using corticosteroids will exhibit symptoms of hypertension, as this can vary based on personal differences, dosage, duration of use, and other factors.

For patients who require corticosteroid therapy, it should be administered under the supervision of a physician, with regular blood pressure monitoring to promptly identify and address any potential hypertension issues. Additionally, patients should focus on maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in appropriate physical activity, and avoiding excessive mental stress, all of which contribute to better blood pressure control.