cteph pulmonary hypertension

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare yet severe pulmonary vascular condition characterized by blockages in the pulmonary arteries, which result in increased pulmonary vascular resistance and an elevated workload on the right ventricle of the heart. This disease may be associated with recurrent episodes of pulmonary embolism, as well as other factors such as genetic predispositions, autoimmune disorders, or prolonged immobilization.

The therapeutic objective for CTEPH patients is to lower pulmonary artery pressures, enhance cardiac function, and improve the quality of life. Treatment options encompass pharmacological therapy, surgical interventions, and interventional procedures. Pharmacological therapy typically involves anticoagulants, vasodilating agents, and antihypertensive medications. Surgical intervention primarily refers to pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), a complex procedure suitable only for a subset of patients. Interventional treatments include balloon angioplasty, stenting, and chemical ablation, which can serve as alternatives or adjuncts to surgery.

Beyond formal treatment, CTEPH patients should also focus on dietary and exercise habits in their daily routines. Patients are advised to adhere to a healthy diet, steering clear of foods high in fat, salt, and sugar, while consuming more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Engaging in moderate physical activity can also contribute to better cardiopulmonary function and quality of life, but it should be done under medical supervision to prevent overexertion and strenuous activities. Additionally, regular follow-ups are essential for patients to closely monitor their condition and adjust treatment plans in accordance with their physician's recommendations.