hypertension jnc

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition typically diagnosed when blood pressure consistently exceeds 140 mmHg systolic and/or 90 mmHg diastolic. Diagnostic criteria can differ based on individual variations and the presence of comorbidities.

The etiology of hypertension is multifaceted, encompassing everything from minor lifestyle issues to significant genetic predispositions. Unhealthy habits, such as a diet high in sodium and fat, sedentary behavior, excessive alcohol intake, and smoking, are the most frequent culprits. Additionally, chronic stress and prolonged tension can contribute to elevated blood pressure. Certain medical conditions, including kidney diseases and endocrine disorders, can lead to secondary hypertension. Genetic factors also play a role, with those having a family history of hypertension being at an increased risk.

For individuals with hypertension, it is crucial to modify dietary habits by reducing sodium and increasing the consumption of vegetables and fruits. Engaging in regular physical activity, avoiding overexertion and mental stress, and quitting smoking and limiting alcohol are also recommended. Regular blood pressure monitoring and adhering to prescribed medication regimens are essential, without self-adjustment of medication or dosage. Any abnormal blood pressure readings or additional symptoms should prompt a timely consultation with a healthcare professional.