differentials for hypertension

Differential diagnosis of hypertension encompasses a spectrum of possibilities, ranging from less severe to more severe conditions. This includes essential hypertension, which is the most prevalent form and typically lacks a definitive cause, as well as secondary hypertension, which may stem from other health issues such as renal diseases or endocrine disorders. Less frequent causes could involve sleep apnea syndrome, aortic coarctation, or rare endocrine tumors like pheochromocytoma or Cushing's syndrome.

Essential hypertension is generally managed through lifestyle modifications and/or pharmacological interventions. Treatment for secondary hypertension is contingent upon identifying its root cause; for instance, if it is attributed to renal disease, specific renal therapies may be necessary. Sleep apnea syndrome can be addressed with the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices, while endocrine disorders might necessitate hormone replacement therapy or other specialized medical interventions.

For individuals with hypertension, daily recommendations include adhering to a healthy diet, such as one low in sodium, engaging in regular physical activity, and monitoring blood pressure levels. Regarding pharmacological treatment, it is crucial to follow the physician's instructions and avoid self-adjusting medication dosages or discontinuing medication without guidance. In cases of new symptoms or inadequate blood pressure control, timely medical consultation is advised.