pulmonary hypertension severity classification

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is typically categorized into four severity levels, ranging from mild to severe: Class I, Class II, Class III, and Class IV. This classification assists physicians in evaluating the patient’s condition and devising appropriate treatment strategies.

Class I PAH represents the mildest phase, where patients may be asymptomatic or experience only slight dyspnea. During this stage, the pulmonary artery pressure is marginally elevated above the normal range, with minimal impact on daily activities.

Class II PAH is more prevalent, with patients potentially exhibiting moderate symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, and chest pain. In this phase, the pulmonary artery pressure increases further, potentially impacting routine activities.

Class III PAH is considered a more severe stage, characterized by pronounced symptoms including dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain, and syncope. Here, the pulmonary artery pressure is markedly elevated, significantly affecting daily life.

Class IV PAH is the most critical stage, with patients presenting with extreme symptoms such as severe dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain, and syncope. At this stage, the pulmonary artery pressure is extremely high, posing a risk of heart failure and mortality.

For individuals with PAH, it is crucial to avoid intense physical activity and excessive strain, maintain healthy lifestyle and dietary habits, and regularly monitor blood pressure and pulmonary function. Compliance with medical treatment is essential. Additionally, vigilant observation of any changes in condition is necessary, and seeking medical care promptly at the first sign of discomfort is advised.