sarcoidosis and pulmonary hypertension

Granulomatosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are distinct yet interconnected conditions. Granulomatosis, specifically Sarcoidosis, is a systemic illness marked by the development of non-caseating granulomas in various organs, with the lungs being one of the most frequently affected. PAH, on the other hand, is characterized by an abnormally high pressure in the pulmonary arteries, potentially leading to right ventricular strain and heart failure.

While granulomatosis patients may progress to PAH, this is not a universal occurrence. Typically, the inflammation and fibrosis in the lungs due to granulomatosis increase pulmonary vascular resistance, which in turn raises pulmonary artery pressure. Additionally, granulomatosis can directly affect the pulmonary artery walls, causing narrowing or blockage and precipitating PAH. However, not all individuals with granulomatosis will exhibit symptoms of PAH, and the severity can vary significantly among patients.

Regular monitoring of pulmonary function and cardiac health is crucial for patients with granulomatosis. Immediate medical attention should be sought if symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, cough, or syncope arise. Management of granulomatosis and PAH often involves a multidisciplinary team, including pulmonologists, cardiologists, and rheumatologists. Adherence to medical advice, timely medication, and regular follow-ups are essential for patients to manage the progression of their conditions.