2017 guidelines for hypertension

Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular condition, with diagnostic criteria updated in line with the 2017 guidelines. Typically, hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure readings are persistently or repeatedly elevated above the normal range, defined as a systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher.

Upon closer examination, hypertension is categorized into various stages and types. Mild hypertension is characterized by systolic pressures ranging from 140 to 159 mmHg and diastolic pressures between 90 and 99 mmHg. Moderate hypertension is indicated by systolic pressures between 160 and 179 mmHg and diastolic pressures between 100 and 109 mmHg. Severe hypertension is diagnosed when systolic pressure is 180 mmHg or higher and/or diastolic pressure is 110 mmHg or higher. Additionally, there is a unique form of hypertension known as 'white-coat hypertension,' where blood pressure readings in a medical setting exceed normal limits but are within the normal range when measured at home.

For individuals with hypertension, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is crucial, including a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and abstaining from smoking and limiting alcohol intake. Regular blood pressure monitoring and adhering to prescribed treatment regimens are essential. It is imperative not to self-administer antihypertensive medications without guidance; they should be used under the supervision of a healthcare provider. Should symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, or palpitations worsen or persist, immediate medical evaluation is advised.