hypertensive encephalopathy symptoms

Symptoms of hypertensive encephalopathy can encompass headaches, nausea, vomiting, vision blurring, changes in consciousness, seizures, and even coma. These symptoms are associated with the abrupt rise in blood pressure causing alterations in cerebral hemodynamics, which can be life-threatening and necessitate urgent medical intervention.

Headaches are the most prevalent symptom, typically manifesting as intense holocephalic pain, potentially accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Vision blurring or temporary blindness may also occur due to the hypertension's effect on the retinal arteries. As the condition advances, there can be a decline in the level of consciousness, varying from mild distraction to severe lethargy or coma. Seizures are another significant sign of hypertensive encephalopathy, possibly due to inadequate or excessive blood flow to the cerebral cortex. If the condition deteriorates further, patients may lapse into a coma, marking the most critical phase of hypertensive encephalopathy, which demands immediate blood pressure reduction and symptomatic supportive care.

Hence, patients with a history of hypertension should seek immediate medical attention upon experiencing the aforementioned symptoms and follow a standardized treatment regimen under a physician's supervision. Self-medicating or delaying treatment should be avoided to prevent the condition from worsening and causing irreversible brain damage.