hiv associated pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with AIDS is a severe complication linked to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This condition can lead to compromised cardiac and respiratory functions, significantly impacting patients' quality of life and life expectancy.

The etiology of AIDS-related PAH is multifaceted, involving various factors. Direct damage to vascular endothelial cells by the HIV virus is a significant contributor. Additionally, inflammation associated with HIV infection can lead to vascular pathology, increasing pulmonary artery pressure. Furthermore, studies indicate that AIDS patients, due to their weakened immune systems, are more prone to infections from other pathogens, potentially exacerbating PAH symptoms.

Clinical presentations of AIDS-related PAH are varied and may include shortness of breath, coughing, and chest pain. As the disease progresses, patients may develop signs of right heart failure, such as peripheral edema and ascites. Regular cardiac and pulmonary evaluations are crucial for AIDS patients to facilitate early detection and treatment of PAH.

Management of AIDS-related PAH should be overseen by a physician. While there is no cure for PAH, symptom relief and quality of life improvement can be achieved through pharmacological therapy, oxygen therapy, and supportive care. AIDS patients should also maintain healthy lifestyle practices, such as quitting smoking, moderating alcohol intake, and engaging in regular physical activity, to reduce the risk of PAH.