choose the correct deconstruction of the medical term hypertension

Hypertension, a medical term, describes the condition of persistently high blood pressure. The term is derived from 'hyper-', meaning 'excessive', and '-tension', which comes from the Latin 'tensio', referring to 'tension' or 'pressure'. Thus, hypertension indicates that the pressure within the blood vessels has surpassed the normal limits.

In a detailed analysis, we first examine the components of blood pressure, which are represented by systolic and diastolic pressures. These pressures correspond to the force exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels during the contraction and relaxation phases of the heart, respectively. The normal blood pressure range is typically defined as a systolic pressure below 120 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. When these values are consistently above the normal range, hypertension is diagnosed. Hypertension is categorized into two types: essential hypertension, which lacks a clear etiology, and secondary hypertension, which is triggered by other health issues such as kidney diseases or endocrine disorders. Essential hypertension is more prevalent and is often associated with unhealthy lifestyle factors like sedentary behavior, high-salt diets, and obesity. Secondary hypertension, while less common, can often be resolved by addressing its underlying cause, leading to a normalization of blood pressure.

For individuals with hypertension, it is crucial to adopt daily measures to manage blood pressure, including maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, achieving and maintaining an optimal weight, and moderating alcohol and tobacco consumption. Furthermore, upon receiving a hypertension diagnosis, one should promptly consult a healthcare provider and adhere to the prescribed treatment regimen, avoiding self-adjustment of medication dosages or discontinuing medication without guidance. It is important to remember that hypertension is a chronic condition requiring ongoing management and monitoring to prevent potential cardiovascular complications.