diet for portal hypertension

For patients with portal hypertension, a diet characterized by low sodium, low fat, high protein, and abundant vitamins is recommended. This type of diet can help manage the condition, mitigate symptoms, and prevent complications.

Firstly, maintaining a low-salt diet is crucial for these patients, as excessive sodium can lead to fluid retention, exacerbating ascites and edema. Generally, daily salt intake should be limited to less than 2 grams. Secondly, a low-fat diet can reduce fat deposition in the liver, thereby lessening the liver's workload. It is advisable to opt for vegetable oils in cooking and to steer clear of animal fats and fatty meats, which are high in fat content. Thirdly, a diet rich in protein is essential for maintaining protein balance in the body and for promoting the repair and regeneration of liver cells. Sources of high-quality protein include lean meats, eggs, milk, and tofu. Lastly, a diet rich in vitamins can boost the immune system and help prevent infections and other complications. Fresh vegetables and fruits are excellent sources of vitamins, but they should be thoroughly washed and not consumed raw to avoid the risk of infection.

Beyond these dietary guidelines, patients with portal hypertension should also focus on the regularity and moderation of their eating habits, avoiding both overeating and extreme hunger. Additionally, they should abstain from smoking and limit alcohol consumption, and they should avoid irritating foods such as chili and coffee to prevent加重ing the gastrointestinal burden. Maintaining a positive attitude and minimizing emotional stress can facilitate recovery. Patients should seek medical attention promptly if there are any changes in their condition and adjust their treatment and dietary plans under a physician's guidance.