what is the most common cause of secondary hypertension

The most common cause of secondary hypertension is likely to be kidney disease. When kidney function is compromised, it may produce excessive amounts of renin, an enzyme that can lead to elevated blood pressure. Moreover, kidney disease can result in fluid and sodium retention, further increasing blood pressure.

Specifically, conditions such as chronic glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and renal artery stenosis are common kidney disorders that can trigger secondary hypertension. Beyond kidney diseases, other factors can also lead to secondary hypertension, including endocrine disorders (like Cushing's syndrome and pheochromocytoma), sleep apnea syndrome, side effects of certain medications (such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral contraceptives), and aortic coarctation.

For individuals with secondary hypertension, it is important to maintain a low-sodium diet, engage in regular physical activity, and avoid excessive stress and anxiety in daily life. If persistent symptoms of hypertension arise, they should seek medical attention promptly and follow a treatment plan under the guidance of a healthcare professional, rather than self-medicating without proper advice.