hypertension jnc guidelines

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition typically diagnosed when blood pressure consistently exceeds the normal range. According to the latest guidelines from the American College of Cardiology, an adult's blood pressure is considered prehypertensive at or above 130/80 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and is diagnosed as hypertension at or above 140/90 mm Hg.

Treatment for hypertension generally adheres to a stepwise approach, beginning with lifestyle modifications and escalating to pharmacological interventions if necessary. Patients with mildly elevated blood pressure are often advised to reduce their blood pressure through dietary improvements, increased physical activity, weight management, smoking cessation, and alcohol moderation. Should these lifestyle changes fail to control blood pressure effectively, or if the patient's blood pressure is moderately to severely elevated, antihypertensive medications may be prescribed under a physician's supervision. It is important to note that the selection of antihypertensive drugs should be tailored to individual differences, comorbidities, and potential side effects.

Individuals with hypertension should monitor their blood pressure regularly and attend routine follow-up appointments to ensure timely adjustments to their treatment plan. Compliance with medical guidance regarding the use of antihypertensive medications is crucial, avoiding self-adjustment of dosages or discontinuation without professional advice. Moreover, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is also a vital strategy for managing hypertension.