hypertension.icd 10

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure levels. The World Health Organization defines normal blood pressure for adults as a systolic pressure below 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when the systolic pressure is 140 mmHg or higher and/or the diastolic pressure is 90 mmHg or higher. Hypertension is classified into two main types: primary and secondary. Primary hypertension, the most common form, has an unclear etiology that may involve a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Secondary hypertension results from other medical conditions or medications, such as kidney diseases, endocrine disorders, and sleep apnea syndrome.

For individuals with hypertension, controlling blood pressure typically involves lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions. Lifestyle changes may include weight reduction, increased physical activity, smoking cessation, alcohol moderation, salt restriction, and adherence to a healthy diet. Medications for hypertension should be selected based on the individual's specific needs and may include ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers, and diuretics. It is crucial that the choice and administration of antihypertensive medications are supervised by a healthcare provider to avoid misuse.

Beyond medication, it is essential for individuals with hypertension to monitor their blood pressure regularly to facilitate timely adjustments to their treatment plan. Additionally, maintaining a positive mental attitude by avoiding excessive stress and anxiety can aid in blood pressure control. If blood pressure remains poorly controlled, seeking prompt medical attention and professional guidance is imperative. In conclusion, hypertension is a chronic condition that necessitates ongoing management. Patients should actively engage with their healthcare providers to implement a comprehensive approach to blood pressure control, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.