hypertension criteria jnc 8

The Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8) guidelines in the United States define hypertension in adults as a sustained systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher, or a sustained diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or higher, while not on antihypertensive medication. This criterion is based on multiple blood pressure readings rather than a single instance.

For those with stage 1 hypertension, characterized by a systolic pressure between 140 and 159 mmHg or a diastolic pressure between 90 and 99 mmHg, lifestyle modifications are typically recommended. These may include dietary improvements, increased physical activity, smoking cessation, and alcohol moderation.

For stage 2 hypertension, with systolic pressures ranging from 160 to 179 mmHg or diastolic pressures from 100 to 109 mmHg, medication may be initiated in conjunction with lifestyle changes.

In cases of stage 3 hypertension, where systolic readings reach 180 mmHg or higher, or diastolic readings reach 110 mmHg or higher, immediate medical attention is advised. Urgent blood pressure-lowering treatment under a physician's supervision is necessary.

Hypertension patients should focus on a low-sodium diet, maintaining a healthy weight, regularly monitoring their blood pressure, and adhering to their physician's treatment plan. It is crucial not to alter medication dosages or discontinue medication without consulting a healthcare provider to prevent blood pressure fluctuations and potential worsening of the condition.