hypertension essential icd 10

Essential hypertension, also referred to as primary hypertension, is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure levels. The World Health Organization defines the normal blood pressure range for adults as a systolic pressure between 90 and 119 mmHg and a diastolic pressure between 60 and 79 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when the systolic pressure is 140 mmHg or higher and/or the diastolic pressure is 90 mmHg or higher.

While the exact causes of essential hypertension remain not fully understood, several factors are associated with its development. These include genetic predispositions, dietary habits such as a high-salt intake, lifestyle choices like physical inactivity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, advancing age, and certain medical conditions like diabetes and kidney diseases. Symptoms of hypertension can vary widely among individuals; some may be asymptomatic, while others might experience headaches, dizziness, tinnitus, or blurred vision. Untreated hypertension can lead to severe cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarction and stroke.

For individuals with hypertension, it is crucial to maintain a low-salt diet, engage in regular physical activity, abstain from smoking and limit alcohol intake, maintain a healthy weight, and manage stress levels. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and adherence to prescribed medical treatments are essential. With proper lifestyle modifications and medical guidance, most patients with hypertension can achieve effective blood pressure control, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications.