4 stages of hypertension

Hypertension is categorized into four distinct stages, each characterized by specific blood pressure readings and clinical implications. Recognizing these stages is crucial for the early identification and management of hypertension, which in turn can mitigate the risk of cardiovascular events.

Stage one is termed 'high normal' blood pressure, where systolic pressure ranges from 120 to 129 mmHg and diastolic pressure is below 80 mmHg. Individuals in this stage are not yet diagnosed with hypertension but should be mindful of lifestyle modifications to prevent blood pressure escalation.

Stage two is classified as mild hypertension, with systolic pressure between 130 and 139 mmHg or diastolic pressure between 80 and 89 mmHg. Beyond lifestyle adjustments, pharmacological intervention may be necessary at this stage to regulate blood pressure.

Stage three is moderate hypertension, defined by systolic pressure between 140 and 159 mmHg or diastolic pressure between 90 and 99 mmHg. Patients in this stage typically require a combination of antihypertensive medications and regular monitoring of their blood pressure.

Stage four is severe hypertension, also referred to as a hypertensive emergency, with systolic pressure of 180 mmHg or higher or diastolic pressure of 110 mmHg or higher. Patients at this stage may present with symptoms such as headaches, vision problems, and chest pain, necessitating immediate medical care and urgent treatment.

For individuals with hypertension, it is imperative to regularly monitor blood pressure, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and adhere to prescribed medication regimens. In cases of persistently elevated blood pressure, timely medical consultation is essential to adjust the treatment strategy. Patients should also refrain from discontinuing medication or altering dosages without professional guidance to prevent blood pressure fluctuations.