hiv and pulmonary hypertension

Individuals with AIDS are potentially at risk for developing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In such cases, the HIV virus targets not only the immune system but can also precipitate complications within the cardiovascular system, one of which is PAH. PAH is a chronic and potentially life-threatening condition that raises the pressure on the right ventricle of the heart, which can ultimately result in heart failure.

Initially, HIV infection can cause pulmonary inflammation, which increases pulmonary vascular resistance. Additionally, other factors linked to HIV, such as the use of certain antiretroviral medications, lifestyle choices like smoking, and co-occurring illnesses such as tuberculosis or hepatitis, may also heighten the risk of PAH. Moreover, research indicates that HIV-positive individuals may experience more severe symptoms and face greater challenges in treatment when they develop PAH.

Consequently, it is crucial for HIV-positive individuals to have regular assessments of their lung function and blood pressure. Should symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, or fainting occur, they should seek medical care immediately. Throughout treatment, patients should adhere to their physicians' recommendations, make appropriate lifestyle adjustments, and take antiretroviral medications as prescribed to mitigate the risk of PAH.