icd10 hypertension

Hypertension, as classified by the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), is a prevalent chronic condition typically manifesting as persistently elevated blood pressure. The normal range for blood pressure is a systolic level below 120 mmHg and a diastolic level below 80 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed in adults when, without the use of antihypertensive medications, three separate blood pressure readings on different days show a systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher.

Hypertension is categorized into two main types: primary (essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension. Primary hypertension, the most common form, accounts for over 90% of all hypertension cases. Its etiology is multifactorial, involving genetics, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. Secondary hypertension results from other underlying conditions such as renal diseases, endocrine disorders, and sleep apnea syndrome. In these cases, blood pressure may be controlled or return to normal after addressing the primary condition.

For individuals with hypertension, it is crucial to manage daily life by adhering to a low-sodium diet, engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, abstaining from smoking, and moderating alcohol intake to reduce blood pressure and minimize the risk of cardiovascular events. Regular blood pressure monitoring and strict adherence to prescribed medication regimens are essential; self-discontinuation or dosage adjustments are not advised. Should symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, or palpitations worsen, immediate medical evaluation is necessary.