hypertension guidelines 2023 pdf

Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular condition, with its diagnostic criteria recently revised in the 'Hypertension Guidelines 2023'. Typically, sustained blood pressure readings above the normal range may suggest the presence of hypertension.

The new guidelines define normal blood pressure for adults as a systolic pressure below 120 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. Elevated normal blood pressure is categorized when systolic pressure falls between 120 and 129 mmHg, with a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when systolic pressure is at or above 130 mmHg, or diastolic pressure is at or above 80 mmHg. Hypertension is further classified into Stage 1 (systolic pressure of 130-139 mmHg or diastolic pressure of 80-89 mmHg) and Stage 2 (systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or higher or diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher). Special populations, such as the elderly and those with diabetes, may have more stringent blood pressure control goals.

For individuals with hypertension, it is crucial to adopt a low-salt diet, engage in regular physical activity, maintain a healthy weight, abstain from smoking, and moderate alcohol intake as part of a healthy lifestyle. Additionally, they should adhere to their physician's advice, monitor their blood pressure regularly, and use antihypertensive medications appropriately under medical supervision, avoiding any self-adjustment of medication dosage or discontinuation. Persistent symptoms of hypertension warrant timely medical evaluation and potential adjustment of the treatment regimen.