how do pulmonary hypertension patients die

Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) may succumb to various causes, with heart failure being the most prevalent. As PAH progresses, the right ventricle must exert more effort to overcome increased pulmonary vascular resistance, potentially leading to right ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction, culminating in right-sided heart failure. Thrombosis is another significant contributor, as PAH patients are at higher risk for pulmonary embolism, which can precipitate acute right heart failure and sudden death. Respiratory failure is also a common cause of mortality, arising from the disrupted alveolar ventilation-to-perfusion ratio due to increased pulmonary vascular resistance, resulting in hypoxemia and hypercapnia that can escalate to respiratory failure. Furthermore, infections, bleeding, electrolyte imbalances, and malignant arrhythmias can also contribute to the death of PAH patients.

For individuals with PAH, it is crucial to monitor their condition regularly, adhere to prescribed medications, and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Moreover, any exacerbation of symptoms or emergence of new ones should prompt immediate medical consultation to facilitate timely adjustments to the treatment plan and prevent further progression of the disease.