hypertension nephrology

Hypertensive nephropathy is a condition resulting from prolonged hypertension that leads to kidney damage. It can result in a decrease in renal function and potentially progress to end-stage renal disease.

Initially, individuals with mild hypertensive nephropathy may present with microalbuminuria, indicating early kidney impairment. As the disease advances, blood pressure remains elevated, and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) declines, which can lead to overt proteinuria and edema. In severe cases, patients may develop renal failure, characterized by increased serum creatinine levels and electrolyte imbalances. Moreover, hypertensive nephropathy can be associated with cardiovascular complications, including coronary artery disease and heart failure.

In managing hypertensive nephropathy, it is crucial to maintain a low-sodium diet, control blood pressure, and regularly monitor kidney function and proteinuria. Antihypertensive medications should be used under a physician's supervision, and self-adjustment or discontinuation of medication is not advisable. Should any abnormal kidney function or additional complications arise, immediate medical attention and professional treatment are essential.