why does kidney disease cause hypertension

Kidney diseases can result in hypertension, primarily due to the kidneys' impaired functionality. The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste and excess water from the blood and also play a role in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Damage to the kidneys can disrupt these functions, potentially leading to elevated blood pressure.

The specific reasons kidney diseases might cause hypertension include the following: Firstly, impaired kidneys can lead to increased renin secretion. Renin is an enzyme that converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which then forms angiotensin II—a potent vasoconstrictor that can cause blood pressure to rise. Secondly, kidney damage can result in water and sodium retention, meaning an excess of water and sodium ions in the body, which can increase blood volume and, consequently, blood pressure. Additionally, kidney damage may decrease the synthesis of vasodilatory substances like prostaglandins and kinins, contributing to elevated blood pressure.

Thus, patients with kidney diseases should closely monitor their blood pressure and seek treatment under a physician's guidance. They should also be mindful of their diet, avoiding high-salt and high-fat foods to maintain a healthy dietary regimen. If blood pressure continues to rise, they should promptly consult a healthcare provider, follow medical advice for treatment, and refrain from self-medicating without proper guidance.