difference between pregnancy induced hypertension and preeclampsia

Preeclampsia and gestational hypertension are two distinct blood pressure disorders that can occur during pregnancy, despite some overlaps in their characteristics. Gestational hypertension is typically defined as high blood pressure that first emerges during pregnancy, whereas preeclampsia is a more severe condition that builds upon gestational hypertension with additional complications such as proteinuria or other signs of organ damage.

Gestational hypertension usually manifests after the 20th week of gestation, with sustained blood pressure elevations to a systolic level of at least 140 mmHg or a diastolic level of at least 90 mmHg. Affected pregnant individuals might be asymptomatic or experience mild symptoms like headaches and visual disturbances. In contrast, preeclampsia is not only characterized by elevated blood pressure but also by proteinuria—protein content in urine exceeding 300 mg over 24 hours or a random urine protein concentration higher than 30 mg/dL. Furthermore, preeclampsia can lead to severe complications such as liver and kidney dysfunction and disorders in the blood coagulation system.

For both conditions, pregnant individuals must closely monitor their health and adhere to medical advice for treatment and management. Management of gestational hypertension often involves lifestyle modifications, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding excessive fatigue. Treatment for preeclampsia can be more complex, potentially necessitating hospitalization, medication, and other interventions to prevent the condition from worsening. It is crucial for pregnant individuals with either gestational hypertension or preeclampsia to follow medical guidance for treatment and not to self-administer medication without supervision. Regular prenatal care is also essential to promptly identify and address any emerging issues.