hypertension raas system

Hypertension is intricately linked to the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS), a complex physiological mechanism critical for blood pressure regulation and fluid balance. Typically, when blood pressure decreases, the kidneys release renin, an enzyme that initiates the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which then transforms into angiotensin II—a potent vasoconstrictor that can elevate blood pressure. Angiotensin II also prompts the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone, which facilitates the reabsorption of sodium and water, further increasing blood volume and pressure.

In hypertension, the overactivation of the RAAS can result in sustained high blood pressure. Overproduction of angiotensin II, for instance, can lead to persistent vasoconstriction,加重心脏负担, potentially causing cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure over time. Excessive aldosterone secretion can also lead to an accumulation of sodium and water, further increasing blood pressure and potentially causing edema. Thus, managing RAAS activity is a vital strategy in hypertension treatment.

To mitigate the impact of hypertension and the RAAS system, a low-sodium diet should be adopted to reduce sodium intake and decrease RAAS activation. Regular moderate exercise also aids in blood pressure control. For those diagnosed with hypertension, treatment under a physician's guidance is essential, avoiding self-medication. Adherence to medical advice, regular blood pressure monitoring, and adjustment of treatment plans are crucial to achieve blood pressure control.