resistant hypertension workup

Assessment of refractory hypertension typically involves a battery of tests to identify the underlying causes of poor blood pressure control. These may include blood and urine tests, electrocardiograms (ECGs), echocardiograms, renal artery Doppler ultrasounds, and sleep apnea monitoring, among others.

Blood and urine tests can evaluate renal function, electrolyte balance, and hormone levels, all of which can influence blood pressure. ECGs and echocardiograms assess the structure and function of the heart to detect any signs of cardiac hypertrophy or damage. Renal artery Doppler ultrasounds can uncover renal artery stenosis, a condition that may contribute to elevated blood pressure. Sleep apnea monitoring can diagnose sleep apnea, a sleep disorder that is closely associated with hypertension.

For patients with refractory hypertension, it is advised to undergo these tests regularly and adhere to the treatment regimen prescribed by their healthcare provider. Patients should also maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, moderate alcohol consumption, and stress reduction. In terms of pharmacological treatment, patients should take antihypertensive medications as directed by their doctor, without adjusting the dosage or discontinuing the treatment without professional guidance. If blood pressure remains uncontrolled, they should seek medical attention promptly for further evaluation and management.