aha hypertension 2017 guidelines

According to the American Heart Association (AHA) 2017 Hypertension Guidelines, there has been a revision in the definition of hypertension. Typically, adults with blood pressure at or above 130/80 mmHg are diagnosed with hypertension. This new criterion is more stringent than the previous one, with the goal of identifying and intervening in hypertensive patients earlier to decrease the risk of cardiovascular events.

Hypertension is categorized into several stages. The first stage is elevated blood pressure, characterized by a systolic pressure between 120 and 129 mmHg and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. Individuals in this category are not yet classified as hypertensive but should monitor their blood pressure and adopt a healthy lifestyle to prevent the development of hypertension. The second stage is hypertension stage 1, with a systolic pressure between 130 and 139 mmHg or a diastolic pressure between 80 and 89 mmHg. At this stage, physicians may recommend lifestyle modifications or, in certain cases, initiate pharmacological treatment. The final stage is hypertension stage 2, where the systolic pressure is 140 mmHg or higher, or the diastolic pressure is 90 mmHg or higher. In this stage, pharmacological treatment is usually necessary, often requiring a combination of multiple medications.

For individuals with hypertension, it is crucial to maintain a healthy diet, such as a low-sodium diet and increased consumption of fruits and vegetables; engage in regular physical activity; abstain from smoking and limit alcohol intake; manage body weight; and monitor blood pressure regularly. Additionally, the judicious use of antihypertensive medications under a physician's supervision is essential. If blood pressure persists at elevated levels or if symptoms like headaches, dizziness, or chest discomfort occur, timely medical consultation is advised. Overall, through comprehensive treatment and management, most patients with hypertension can effectively control their blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.