hypertension guidelines jnc 8 pdf

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by blood pressure readings that consistently exceed the normal range. According to the JNC 8 guidelines, the normal blood pressure threshold for adults is below 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mmHg), whereas hypertension is diagnosed when the systolic pressure is 140 mmHg or higher and/or the diastolic pressure is 90 mmHg or higher.

For individuals with hypertension, therapeutic lifestyle changes are the first line of treatment. These changes encompass adopting a healthy diet rich in low sodium and high potassium, engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining an optimal body weight, moderating alcohol consumption, and abstaining from smoking. Additionally, managing psychological stress is a crucial aspect of treatment. If these lifestyle modifications fail to adequately control blood pressure, pharmacological intervention may become necessary. Physicians select the most suitable medication regimen based on the patient's age, comorbidities, and overall health status. It is imperative that any medication is taken under a physician's supervision and not self-administered without guidance.

Patients with hypertension should routinely monitor their blood pressure and document any fluctuations to facilitate timely adjustments to their treatment plan. Adhering to a physician's recommendations, organizing work and life in a balanced manner, and maintaining a positive mental attitude can all contribute to more effective blood pressure control. Should blood pressure persistently rise or if symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, or palpitations occur, it is essential to seek medical attention without delay to prevent the progression of the condition.