drugs used to treat isolated systolic hypertension

Drugs for treating isolated systolic hypertension commonly encompass several classes, including calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), and diuretics. The selection of these medications is influenced by various factors such as the patient's age, comorbidities, and drug tolerability.

Calcium channel blockers, which act by relaxing the smooth muscles in blood vessels to lower blood pressure, are often the first choice for treatment due to their safety and efficacy, particularly in older adults. Next, ACE inhibitors and ARBs work by inhibiting the effects of angiotensin to dilate blood vessels and reduce blood pressure. These medications are especially beneficial for patients with diabetes or kidney disease, as they not only help control blood pressure but also protect kidney function. Lastly, diuretics lower blood pressure by promoting the elimination of water and salt from the body, thereby reducing blood volume. They are typically prescribed when other medications fail to adequately control blood pressure.

Patients should adhere to their physician's advice when taking these medications, regularly monitor their blood pressure, and be vigilant for potential side effects. Moreover, patients should also focus on lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a healthy diet, engaging in moderate physical activity, and abstaining from smoking and limiting alcohol consumption, to complement medical treatment and better manage blood pressure.