what is the difference between hypertension and hypotension

Hypertension and hypotension are two prevalent health conditions associated with blood pressure levels, distinguished primarily by the relative elevation or depression of blood pressure values. Hypertension, also referred to as high blood pressure, is characterized by a persistently elevated force exerted by the blood against the walls of the blood vessels, exceeding the normal limits, typically defined as a systolic pressure above 140 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and/or a diastolic pressure above 90 mmHg. Conversely, hypotension, or low blood pressure, is indicated when blood pressure falls below the normal range, commonly identified as systolic pressure below 90 mmHg or diastolic pressure below 60 mmHg in adults.

The effects of these conditions on the human body are markedly different. Hypertension can lead to damage in several organs, including the heart, brain, and kidneys, and it heightens the risk of severe complications such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, and renal disease. Hypotension, on the other hand, may result in symptoms like dizziness, weakness, and fainting, and in severe cases, it can pose a threat to life. In daily life, individuals with hypertension should focus on dietary control, stress reduction, regular blood pressure monitoring, and adhering to prescribed treatments. Those with hypotension should concentrate on maintaining hydration, avoiding sudden posture changes, and moderately increasing salt intake to help stabilize blood pressure levels. Regardless of whether one has hypertension or hypotension, it is imperative to follow medical advice, adjust lifestyle habits, and medication regimens sensibly to maintain blood pressure within a healthy range and safeguard overall health.