obstructive sleep apnea pulmonary hypertension

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) combined with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe respiratory condition that can lead to compromised cardiac and pulmonary function. OSA is characterized by recurrent episodes of breathing cessation due to upper airway obstruction during sleep, while PAH refers to an abnormally high blood pressure within the pulmonary arteries. These two conditions often exacerbate each other, creating a vicious cycle.

OSA can result in nocturnal hypoxia, which may induce pulmonary vasoconstriction and an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure, potentially leading to PAH over time. Conversely, PAH can intensify the strain on the heart and worsen the symptoms of OSA. Moreover, OSA may precipitate or aggravate cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and coronary artery disease.

Patients with OSA and PAH should maintain good daily routines and avoid excessive fatigue and stress. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate is essential, along with adhering to prescribed treatments. Should symptoms escalate or new discomforts arise, immediate medical attention is advised. Regarding medication, it is crucial to use antihypertensives, diuretics, and other drugs responsibly under a physician's supervision, without making arbitrary adjustments to the treatment plan.