jnc hypertension guidelines 2023 pdf

Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular condition, with its diagnostic criteria recently revised in the JNC Hypertension Guidelines 2023. Typically, persistent blood pressure readings outside the normal range suggest the presence of hypertension. Specifically, a diagnosis of hypertension is made when the systolic blood pressure (the top number) is 140 mmHg or higher, and/or the diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) is 90 mmHg or higher.

When assessing hypertension, the foremost consideration is the precision of blood pressure measurements. Accurate measurement techniques include resting for 5 minutes in a quiet setting before measurement, using an appropriately sized cuff, and ensuring that the blood pressure device is calibrated. Moreover, home blood pressure monitoring and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring are crucial for evaluating hypertension. For individuals with mild hypertension, lifestyle modifications are often the initial approach, such as weight reduction, increased physical activity, sodium restriction, alcohol reduction, and smoking cessation. Should these measures fail to control blood pressure effectively, pharmacological intervention may be warranted. Physicians tailor medication choices to the patient's age, comorbidities, and overall health status to develop a personalized treatment plan.

Hypertension patients should regularly monitor their blood pressure, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and adhere to their physician's guidance on medication. It is imperative not to alter medication dosages or discontinue treatment without professional advice, as this could lead to blood pressure fluctuations and worsen the condition. Should any concerns or discomfort arise, prompt consultation with a healthcare professional is advised.