hypertension in stroke guidelines

Hypertension is a significant risk factor for stroke, and managing blood pressure is essential for the prevention of both initial and recurrent strokes. Post-stroke, hypertensive individuals typically require antihypertensive therapy, with specific target blood pressure levels tailored to individual circumstances.

During the acute phase following a stroke, if a patient's systolic pressure exceeds 180mmHg, diastolic pressure exceeds 110mmHg, or they exhibit severe hypertension symptoms such as headaches and blurred vision, immediate initiation of antihypertensive treatment is warranted. Within the first 24 hours post-stroke, blood pressure should be lowered gradually to prevent cerebral hypoperfusion, but not decreased too rapidly. For the majority of stroke patients, the target blood pressure should be below 140/90mmHg. However, for elderly patients or those with kidney disease, these targets may need to be adjusted with more leniency.

Beyond pharmacological interventions, stroke patients should also focus on lifestyle modifications, including smoking cessation, alcohol moderation, a low-sodium diet, and regular physical activity, all of which contribute to blood pressure control and reduced stroke risk. Patients should also monitor their blood pressure regularly and adjust treatment plans according to medical advice, avoiding the use of medication without guidance. Any discomfort should prompt a timely medical consultation.