aafp pediatric hypertension

The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) guidelines define pediatric hypertension as a condition where a child's blood pressure consistently exceeds the norm for their age, gender, and height. Diagnosis is typically made when blood pressure readings are above the 95th percentile on three separate occasions.

Causes of pediatric hypertension are varied, spanning from mild to severe and common to rare, including but not limited to lifestyle factors such as a high-salt diet, sedentary behavior, and obesity; psychosocial factors like chronic mental stress and anxiety; and certain medical conditions like kidney diseases and endocrine disorders. Initial treatment for pediatric hypertension involves lifestyle modifications, including dietary adjustments, increased physical activity, and weight reduction. If these interventions fail to control blood pressure effectively, pharmacological treatment may be warranted. The choice of medication should be made based on the child's specific circumstances under a physician's supervision.

Parents of children with hypertension should closely monitor their child's blood pressure and regularly bring them in for medical check-ups. Additionally, parents should instill healthy habits in their children, such as maintaining a balanced diet and engaging in moderate exercise, to prevent and manage hypertension. During medication treatment, it is crucial for parents to adhere strictly to the physician's instructions regarding dosage and not to alter the medication regimen without professional guidance to ensure therapeutic efficacy.