raas and hypertension

The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) has a significant association with hypertension. Typically, the activation of RAAS can result in increased blood pressure, and individuals with hypertension may exhibit overactivity of the RAAS.

RAAS is a sophisticated endocrine system primarily responsible for regulating fluid balance and blood pressure. Within this system, renin, an enzyme released by the kidneys, converts angiotensinogen in the plasma to angiotensin I. Then, angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II by the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that can raise blood pressure and stimulate the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone. Aldosterone promotes the renal reabsorption of sodium and water, which further increases blood volume and blood pressure.

Thus, for individuals with hypertension, managing the overactivity of the RAAS is a critical aspect of treatment. In clinical practice, commonly prescribed antihypertensive medications such as ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) lower blood pressure by inhibiting the RAAS. However, these medications should be used under the supervision of a physician, and patients should not self-administer them without guidance. Additionally, individuals with hypertension should focus on lifestyle modifications, including a balanced diet, regular physical activity, smoking cessation, and alcohol moderation, to assist in blood pressure control. Persistent hypertension symptoms warrant prompt medical attention and treatment.