systemic arterial hypertension

Systemic arterial hypertension is typically characterized by a sustained increase in blood pressure to levels that can potentially harm the function of vital organs such as the heart and kidneys. The normal range for blood pressure is a systolic pressure of 90 to 119 mmHg and a diastolic pressure of 60 to 79 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when systolic pressure reaches or exceeds 140 mmHg and diastolic pressure reaches or exceeds 90 mmHg.

The etiology of hypertension is multifactorial, with factors ranging from minor lifestyle adjustments to significant genetic predispositions contributing to elevated blood pressure. The most prevalent causes are unhealthy lifestyle choices, including a diet high in sodium, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol intake, and smoking. Additionally, obesity, advancing age, family history of hypertension, and certain chronic conditions such as diabetes and kidney disease can also lead to hypertension. It's important to recognize that stress and emotional changes can temporarily increase blood pressure as well.

For individuals with systemic arterial hypertension, it is advised to maintain a healthy lifestyle to manage blood pressure, which includes adopting a low-sodium diet, engaging in regular physical activity, moderating alcohol consumption, and abstaining from smoking. It is also crucial to closely monitor blood pressure fluctuations and to use antihypertensive medications prudently under a physician's supervision. Self-adjustment of medication dosage or discontinuation of medication is strongly discouraged to prevent blood pressure fluctuations and potential exacerbation of the condition.