most common cause of resistant hypertension

Refractory hypertension, defined as hypertension that is poorly responsive to at least three different classes of antihypertensive medications, is often attributed to lifestyle factors and secondary hypertension. These factors encompass obesity, high-salt diets, sedentary behavior, excessive alcohol intake, and sleep apnea. Additionally, certain conditions such as diabetes, renal diseases, and endocrine disorders can contribute to uncontrolled blood pressure.

A detailed analysis reveals that lifestyle factors are the leading cause of poor blood pressure control. For instance, obesity can increase cardiac workload, thereby raising blood pressure; high-salt diets can lead to fluid retention and increased blood volume, which in turn elevates blood pressure; lack of exercise and excessive alcohol consumption can also increase vascular tension and result in higher blood pressure. Furthermore, sleep apnea can cause nocturnal hypoxia, stimulating the secretion of adrenaline and leading to blood pressure fluctuations.

For refractory hypertension attributed to lifestyle factors, lifestyle modifications are the primary therapeutic approach. This includes weight reduction, sodium restriction, increased physical activity, reduced alcohol intake, and improved sleep quality. Concurrently, for refractory hypertension due to underlying diseases, the active treatment of the primary condition is crucial. This may involve managing blood glucose levels, addressing renal diseases, and correcting endocrine disorders.

In conclusion, for patients with refractory hypertension, it is essential to focus not only on pharmacological treatment but also on lifestyle adjustments and the management of the underlying disease. Patients should regularly monitor their blood pressure and adhere to medical advice to adjust treatment plans, ensuring effective blood pressure control.