icd 10 secondary hypertension

Secondary hypertension, as classified in ICD-10, is blood pressure elevation resulting from other diseases or factors. Unlike primary hypertension, secondary hypertension typically has a defined etiology, such as kidney diseases or endocrine disorders. Kidney diseases, including glomerulonephritis and renal artery stenosis, are among the most common causes, affecting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and leading to increased blood pressure. Endocrine abnormalities, such as pheochromocytoma and Cushing's syndrome, are also significant contributors, causing blood pressure to rise indirectly through the overproduction of hormones. Additionally, rare conditions like sleep apnea syndrome and aortic coarctation can also result in elevated blood pressure. For patients with secondary hypertension, it is crucial to identify and address the root cause of the hypertension. Concurrently, under a physician's guidance, antihypertensive medications may be necessary to manage blood pressure. Importantly, patients should regularly monitor their blood pressure and adhere to the doctor's recommendations for lifestyle modifications, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, and moderate alcohol consumption, to reduce blood pressure and prevent complications.