hypertension esrd

Hypertension and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are interconnected conditions. Hypertension, characterized by sustained high blood pressure, can adversely affect kidney function. Uncontrolled hypertension over time may lead to a progressive decline in renal function, culminating in ESRD. Conversely, a decrease in kidney function impairs the body's ability to remove excess water and salt, which can further raise blood pressure, creating a vicious cycle.

During the transition from hypertension to ESRD, initial signs may include mild proteinuria and a slight decrease in kidney function. As the condition advances, proteinuria increases, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) declines, and blood pressure rises further, potentially leading to complications such as edema and hypertensive heart disease. Without timely treatment, this can result in complete kidney failure, necessitating dialysis or a kidney transplant to sustain life.

For individuals with hypertension and ESRD, it is crucial to maintain a low-sodium diet, a balanced dietary structure, and to avoid excessive fatigue and emotional stress. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and kidney function is essential, along with adhering to the prescribed medication regimen and not altering it without medical guidance. Immediate medical attention is required if there is a rapid decline in kidney function or the emergence of severe complications.