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Hypertension is often depicted by a sustained elevation in blood pressure readings, which can signal underlying risks to the cardiovascular system. We can gauge our blood pressure status by monitoring the numbers on a blood pressure monitor. Normal blood pressure is defined as a systolic pressure below 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. Persistent readings above these values may be indicative of hypertension.

Hypertension can escalate from mild to severe. Mild hypertension is characterized by a systolic pressure between 130 and 139 mmHg or a diastolic pressure between 80 and 89 mmHg. Patients at this stage may be asymptomatic, but chronic hypertension can lead to damage to cardiac and renal functions. Moderate hypertension is defined by a systolic pressure between 140 and 159 mmHg or a diastolic pressure between 90 and 99 mmHg, and patients may start to exhibit symptoms such as headaches and dizziness. Severe hypertension is indicated by a systolic pressure of 160 mmHg or higher or a diastolic pressure of 100 mmHg or higher, where patients may suffer from severe headaches, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, and are at risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular incidents.

For individuals with hypertension, regular blood pressure monitoring is essential. Additionally, adopting a healthy lifestyle is pivotal, encompassing a balanced diet, regular physical activity, smoking cessation, and moderate alcohol intake. If blood pressure continues to rise, it is imperative to consult a healthcare provider promptly and to follow a treatment plan under medical supervision. Self-medicating without guidance can lead to avoidable risks.