hypertension aki

Hypertensive emergencies may result in acute kidney injury (AKI), typically manifesting as a rapid rise in blood pressure that alters renal hemodynamics and impacts kidney function. Patients may experience symptoms such as reduced urine output, swelling, electrolyte imbalances, and in severe cases, may require dialysis.

Hypertension exerts pressure on the kidneys' small arteries, which can lead to their hardening and narrowing over time, thus decreasing renal blood flow and filtration rate. Additionally, hypertension increases the heart's workload, potentially causing heart failure, which can further affect the kidneys' blood supply. Certain situations, like dehydration or the use of nephrotoxic drugs (such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), can also exacerbate the risk of AKI.

To mitigate the risk of AKI due to hypertensive emergencies, it is important to monitor blood pressure regularly and maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, and moderate alcohol consumption. If a sudden increase in blood pressure or other signs of AKI occur, immediate medical attention is crucial, and treatment should be sought under a physician's guidance to avoid self-medication or treatment delays.