idiopathic intracranial hypertension uptodate

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition primarily defined by elevated intracranial pressure with an unknown etiology. Common symptoms include headaches and visual disturbances. Treatment options for IIH encompass pharmacological interventions, surgical procedures, and lifestyle modifications.

Pharmacotherapy typically involves the use of medications that lower intracranial pressure, such as acetazolamide. For patients with comorbid obesity, weight reduction is also a crucial therapeutic approach. Surgical interventions are considered when medical treatments are ineffective or not tolerated, with common procedures including cerebrospinal fluid shunting and optic nerve sheath fenestration.

Beyond these treatment strategies, patients should focus on lifestyle adjustments, such as maintaining regular sleep patterns, avoiding excessive fatigue, and ensuring emotional stability. Regular follow-ups are equally important to facilitate timely adjustments to the treatment plan. Throughout the treatment process, it is imperative that patients adhere to medical guidance and avoid self-medicating or discontinuing medication without professional advice.