hypertension nanda diagnosis

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure. As per NANDA diagnostic standards, hypertension is diagnosed primarily based on the patient's blood pressure readings, specifically a systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher. Additionally, it is crucial to take into account the patient's clinical symptoms, physical signs, and associated lifestyle factors.

When examining the etiology of hypertension, we should consider factors from most to least common. Lifestyle factors are among the most frequent causes, encompassing dietary habits such as high salt and high-fat intake, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, and smoking. Genetic predisposition also plays a role, with individuals having a family history of hypertension being at a higher risk. Certain diseases and conditions, including kidney diseases, endocrine disorders, and sleep apnea, can also contribute to hypertension. Lastly, the side effects of some medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hormonal agents, may lead to increased blood pressure.

For individuals with hypertension, it is important to adjust their diet by reducing sodium intake and increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables. Engaging in regular physical activities like brisk walking, swimming, and cycling is also recommended. It is advisable to quit smoking and limit alcohol intake to avoid undue mental stress. Regular blood pressure monitoring and adherence to prescribed medication are essential; self-discontinuation or alteration of medication is not recommended. Should blood pressure remain uncontrolled or if symptoms like headaches, dizziness, or chest tightness occur, immediate medical attention is necessary.