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Hypertension, also referred to as high blood pressure, is a prevalent chronic condition that can result in damage to the heart, brain, kidneys, and other vital organs. Often asymptomatic, hypertension may go unnoticed by many individuals. However, if left uncontrolled, it can significantly raise the risk of severe health issues such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease.

Diagnosing hypertension primarily involves regular monitoring of blood pressure levels. The normal range is defined as a systolic pressure below 120 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. Persistent blood pressure readings above these values may lead to a hypertension diagnosis. There are two main types of hypertension: primary (essential) and secondary. Primary hypertension, the most frequent form, can be attributed to genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors—including diet, exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption—and advancing age. Secondary hypertension, on the other hand, stems from other health conditions like kidney disorders or hormonal imbalances.

For individuals with hypertension, lifestyle modifications are the initial step in managing blood pressure. These changes encompass adopting a healthy diet (such as one low in sodium), engaging in regular physical activity, quitting smoking, moderating alcohol intake, maintaining a healthy weight, and managing stress levels. Additionally, physicians may prescribe antihypertensive medications tailored to the patient’s specific circumstances. It is crucial for patients to adhere to their doctor’s recommendations, monitor their blood pressure regularly, and adjust their treatment plan as needed. If you suspect you have hypertension or are concerned about your blood pressure, promptly consult a healthcare professional.