nursing diagnosis for pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious chronic condition, with nursing diagnoses often encompassing decreased exercise tolerance, impaired gas exchange, reduced cardiac output, and potential complications such as right heart failure. These diagnoses are formulated based on the patient's specific symptoms and signs, as well as associated physiological and psychological factors.

Primarily, decreased exercise tolerance is a common nursing diagnosis among PAH patients. The heart must exert more effort to overcome increased pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to fatigue and dyspnea during routine activities. Secondly, impaired gas exchange is a significant nursing diagnosis, as PAH can restrict blood flow in the lungs, affecting the normal exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, as the disease advances, patients may experience a decrease in cardiac output, indicating the heart's inability to pump sufficient blood to the rest of the body. Lastly, potential complications like right heart failure require close monitoring due to the potential for right ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction associated with PAH.

Patients with PAH should adhere to their physician's treatment plan and regularly monitor their condition. Additionally, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including smoking cessation, salt restriction, and moderate exercise, can aid in managing the disease. Regarding medication, patients must follow their doctor's instructions and not alter dosages or discontinue medication without guidance, as this could exacerbate the condition. Should any discomfort or deterioration in condition arise, prompt medical consultation is essential.