hrt hypertension

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure within the blood vessels, typically measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Normal blood pressure is defined as a systolic pressure below 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when systolic pressure reaches 140 mmHg or higher and/or diastolic pressure reaches 90 mmHg or higher.

The causes of hypertension are multifaceted, broadly classified into primary (essential) and secondary forms. Primary hypertension's exact mechanisms remain not fully understood but are believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Secondary hypertension results from other underlying conditions such as kidney, endocrine, or cardiovascular diseases. Management strategies encompass targeted treatments for the underlying cause, lifestyle modifications, dietary control, increased physical activity, and the prescription of antihypertensive medications under medical supervision.

For individuals with hypertension, regular blood pressure monitoring, adherence to a healthy lifestyle, and compliance with medical advice on medication are crucial. Poorly controlled blood pressure warrants a prompt medical reassessment to adjust the treatment plan. Additionally, it is essential for these patients to avoid excessive stress, maintain emotional balance, and refrain from smoking and limit alcohol intake to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular incidents.