acc/aha hypertension guidelines 2023

As per the 2023 guidelines from the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) on hypertension, normal blood pressure is categorized as a systolic pressure below 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. A blood pressure reading between 120 and 129 mmHg systolic with a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg is considered elevated normal. Prehypertension is defined by a systolic pressure ranging from 130 to 139 mmHg or a diastolic pressure between 80 and 89 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when the systolic pressure is 140 mmHg or higher, or the diastolic pressure is 90 mmHg or higher.

For patients with hypertension, adopting lifestyle modifications is the initial step in blood pressure management. This involves adhering to a healthy diet that emphasizes increased potassium and magnesium intake while reducing sodium; engaging in regular physical activity, aiming for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise weekly; maintaining a healthy body weight and body mass index; limiting alcohol consumption; and abstaining from smoking. Additionally, monitoring and recording blood pressure readings can assist healthcare providers in more accurately assessing treatment efficacy.

Individuals diagnosed with hypertension should follow a treatment plan under the supervision of a healthcare professional. Medication may be prescribed, and it is crucial to adhere strictly to the prescribed dosage without self-adjustment or discontinuation. Regular blood pressure monitoring and prompt communication of any changes or side effects to the healthcare provider are essential. It is important to remember that hypertension is a chronic condition that necessitates ongoing management and surveillance.