aap pediatric hypertension guidelines

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has published guidelines for diagnosing hypertension in children, which are based on blood pressure percentiles relative to the child’s age, gender, and height. Typically, a child may be diagnosed with hypertension if their blood pressure consistently exceeds that of 95% of peers within the same age, gender, and height categories.

In a detailed analysis, pediatric hypertension is categorized into primary and secondary forms. Primary hypertension lacks a definitive cause, whereas secondary hypertension is triggered by other underlying diseases or factors. Renal diseases, endocrine disorders, and cardiovascular anomalies are among the common causes of secondary hypertension. During diagnosis, physicians will ascertain the type and etiology of hypertension by evaluating the child’s symptoms and physical signs, along with conducting necessary laboratory and imaging studies.

For children diagnosed with hypertension, the AAP guidelines advise parents to closely monitor their child’s blood pressure fluctuations and to adhere to the treatment regimen prescribed by healthcare providers. Treatment may encompass lifestyle modifications, such as increasing physical activity and improving dietary habits, as well as the prescription of antihypertensive medications when indicated. It is crucial for parents to administer medication under medical supervision, refraining from altering dosages or discontinuing treatment without professional guidance to prevent risks associated with blood pressure variability. Additionally, regular follow-ups and blood pressure surveillance are essential to facilitate timely adjustments to the treatment plan.